Dog Anal Gland Problems: Signs, Causes, and Solutions

Anal glands are small sacs located on either side of your dog’s anus. While not a pleasant topic, understanding these glands is important for your dog’s health and comfort.

What Are Anal Glands?

Anal glands produce a smelly, oily substance used for:

• Scent marking
• Communication with other dogs
• Lubrication during defecation

In healthy dogs, the glands naturally express during bowel movements.

Signs of Anal Gland Problems

Watch for these symptoms:

• Scooting: Dragging bottom across the floor
• Excessive licking of the rear area
• Difficulty sitting or reluctance to sit
• Chasing or biting at the tail
• Swelling near the anus
• Foul, fishy odor
• Blood or pus near the anus
• Straining during bowel movements

Common Anal Gland Issues

Impaction

Glands become full and unable to empty naturally.

• Most common problem
• Causes discomfort and scooting
• Requires manual expression

Infection

Bacteria enters the glands, causing:

• Swelling and pain
• Discharge
• Fever in severe cases
• Requires veterinary treatment

Abscess

Untreated infection leads to:

• Severe swelling
• Rupture through the skin
• Significant pain
• Emergency veterinary care needed

Tumors

Rare but serious:

• Usually affects older dogs
• May not be immediately obvious
• Requires veterinary evaluation

Why Do Problems Occur?

Contributing Factors

• Soft stools (don’t express glands naturally)
• Obesity
• Food allergies
• Lack of fiber in diet
• Anatomical abnormalities
• Chronic skin conditions

Prone Breeds

Small breeds are most commonly affected:

• Chihuahuas
• Toy and Miniature Poodles
• Cocker Spaniels
• Basset Hounds
• Beagles

Treatment Options

Professional Expression

• Performed by groomers or vet staff
• External or internal technique
• Provides immediate relief
• May need to be done regularly

Veterinary Treatment

For infections and abscesses:

• Antibiotics
• Anti-inflammatory medication
• Flushing of the glands
• Possible surgical drainage

Surgical Removal

For chronic, recurring problems:

• Permanent solution
• Removes both glands
• Reserved for severe cases

Prevention Tips

1. High-fiber diet promotes firm stools
2. Maintain healthy weight
3. Regular exercise
4. Address allergies
5. Regular grooming includes gland checks

When to See a Vet

Seek veterinary care if you notice:

• Blood or pus
• Severe swelling
• Your dog seems in pain
• Symptoms don’t improve with expression
• Recurring issues

Many groomers offer anal gland expression as part of their services. Book a grooming appointment for complete care!